Sonosalpingography (SSG test) is an ultrasound-based fertility investigation that can help assess the uterine cavity and, with the appropriate technique, whether the fallopian tubes appear open. It does not use X ray radiation and is commonly considered during female infertility evaluation when doctors need more information about the uterus or tubal patency.
Women undergoing investigation for delayed conception may also benefit from understanding the broader causes and symptoms of infertility in women because tubal and uterine factors are only some of the possible reasons pregnancy may be delayed.
What is a Sonosalpingography (SSG) Test?
If you are wondering what SSG test is, sonosalpingography is a specialised ultrasound examination in which fluid is introduced into the uterine cavity through a thin catheter while the doctor observes the uterus and reproductive tract using transvaginal ultrasound.
The fluid separates the walls of the uterine cavity, making it easier to identify certain structural abnormalities that may not be as clearly visible during a routine pelvic ultrasound.
Depending on the exact technique, sonosalpingography may also help assess whether fluid or ultrasound contrast passes through the fallopian tubes. Some techniques use saline, while others use air bubbles or a dedicated ultrasound contrast medium to improve visualisation of tubal flow.
This distinction is important. Saline infusion sonography is particularly useful for examining the uterine cavity, while sonographic tubal assessment may require additional techniques to evaluate fallopian tube patency more clearly.
Unlike HSG, which relies on X ray imaging and radiographic contrast, a sonosalpingography test uses ultrasound and avoids ionising radiation.
Why is an SSG Test Recommended?
An SSG may be recommended when a fertility specialist needs more information about the uterus or whether the fallopian tubes are open.
Both are important during an infertility workup for women because fertilisation normally occurs within a fallopian tube before the developing embryo travels towards the uterus.
Tubal damage or obstruction may occur following pelvic infection, previous pelvic surgery or conditions affecting the pelvis. Women with Endometriosis may also require assessment of tubal and pelvic factors when fertility is affected.
The test can additionally help doctors assess the uterine cavity for abnormalities such as polyps, fibroids, adhesions or certain congenital changes.
The exact reason for testing depends on the woman’s reproductive history and findings from the initial fertility evaluation. SSG may therefore form one part of a wider set of fertility tests and evaluationsselected according to the suspected cause of delayed conception.
Why is SSG Used During an Infertility Evaluation?
SSG can form part of a tubal factor infertility diagnosis by providing information about uterine cavity structure and possible tubal patency.
It may be recommended when conception is delayed and doctors need to investigate whether structural abnormalities or tubal factors could interfere with fertilisation, embryo transport or implantation.
Why is an SSG Test Recommended for Suspected Blocked Fallopian Tubes?
A SSG test for fallopian tube assessment follows the movement of fluid during ultrasound.
When the appropriate sonographic technique shows fluid or contrast passing through a tube, this supports tubal patency. Failure to demonstrate passage may raise concern about obstruction, although additional evaluation may sometimes be needed before confirming a blocked tube.
If significant tubal disease is confirmed and natural fertilisation is unlikely, the fertility specialist may discuss whether IVF Treatment is appropriate because IVF allows fertilisation to occur without requiring sperm and egg to meet inside the fallopian tube.
Why is SSG Included in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss Evaluation?
A sonosalpingography test may be considered during recurrent pregnancy loss evaluation when doctors suspect a structural uterine factor.
By outlining the uterine cavity, the scan can help identify abnormalities such as polyps, fibroids, adhesions or certain congenital cavity changes that may require further assessment.
When a cavity abnormality requires direct visual evaluation, Hysteroscopy may be considered in selected patients based on the clinical findings.
It is not required in every case of pregnancy loss.
SSG Test Procedure: Step by Step
The SSG test procedure is usually performed as an outpatient investigation and generally does not require hospital admission.
The examination involves three broad phases: preparation, placement of fluid into the uterus while ultrasound images are obtained, and a short recovery period.
Before starting, the doctor may perform a transvaginal ultrasound to examine the uterus and ovaries. A Transvaginal Ultrasound provides detailed imaging of the reproductive organs and is commonly used during fertility assessment and treatment monitoring.
During the procedure, a thin catheter passes through the cervix into the uterine cavity. Sterile fluid is introduced gradually while ultrasound provides images of the uterine cavity and, where the chosen technique permits, fluid movement through the fallopian tubes.
These SSG procedure steps allow the fertility specialist to evaluate findings in real time.
How Should You Prepare Before an SSG Test?
SSG is usually planned after menstrual bleeding has ended and before expected Ovulation.
This timing reduces the possibility that an early pregnancy is present and often provides a clearer view of the uterine lining.
Tell your doctor about the possibility of pregnancy, symptoms of pelvic infection, allergies and current medicines. Pain relief may be advised before the examination depending on individual needs.
What Happens During the SSG Procedure?
During the SSG procedure, you lie in a position similar to that used for a routine gynaecological examination.
The doctor may first perform a transvaginal fertility scan. A speculum is then inserted so the cervix can be seen, followed by placement of a thin catheter into the uterine cavity.
Sterile saline is gradually introduced during saline infusion sonography. This expands the cavity and improves ultrasound visualisation.
When tubal patency is being assessed, the doctor observes for evidence of fluid or suitable ultrasound contrast passing through the reproductive tract according to the technique being used.
What Should You Expect After an SSG Test?
Most women can return home shortly after the examination and resume normal daily activity unless the doctor advises otherwise.
Mild period like cramping, watery discharge or light spotting can occur for a short time.
Contact your doctor if you develop severe or increasing pelvic pain, heavy bleeding, fever, foul smelling discharge or another unexpected symptom.
Results may be discussed immediately or during a follow up consultation depending on the centre.
SSG vs HSG: Key Differences
SSG and hysterosalpingography are both used during fertility evaluation, but they use different imaging methods.
SSG relies on ultrasound, while HSG uses X ray imaging after contrast material is introduced through the cervix.
Neither investigation is automatically the right choice for every patient.
| Factor |
SSG |
HSG |
| Imaging |
Ultrasound |
X ray |
| Radiation |
No ionising radiation |
Uses a small amount of X ray radiation |
| Medium used |
Saline, air or ultrasound contrast depending on technique |
Radiographic contrast |
| Uterine cavity |
Can provide detailed views of the cavity |
Can outline the uterine cavity |
| Tubal assessment |
Can assess patency with appropriate sonographic technique |
Commonly used to demonstrate tubal patency and tubal anatomy |
| Procedure setting |
Usually outpatient |
Usually outpatient |
| Recovery |
Usually brief |
Usually brief |
| Preferred test |
Depends on the clinical question and local expertise |
Depends on the clinical question and local expertise |
How Do SSG and HSG Differ in Terms of Radiation and Dye Use?
SSG uses ultrasound and therefore does not expose the patient to ionising radiation.
HSG uses X ray imaging and a radiographic contrast material.
For tubal assessment with ultrasound, some SSG techniques may use saline, air bubbles or an ultrasound contrast medium rather than the contrast used for HSG.
Which is More Comfortable: SSG or HSG?
Both procedures can cause temporary cramping or pelvic discomfort because fluid is introduced through the cervix.
Some patients find ultrasound based testing more comfortable, but experiences differ considerably.
Discomfort may also depend on cervical sensitivity, uterine contractions, difficulty passing the catheter and whether a tube appears obstructed.
HSG vs SSG: How Fallopian Tube Patency Tests Differ
In this video, Dr. Vandna Narula, an Infertility and IVF specialist at Motherhood Fertility & IVF, explains HSG. It complements the blog section, “HSG vs SSG: How Fallopian Tube Patency Tests Differ”, by adding clinical context and practical decision support. Conditions affecting the uterus, ovaries or fallopian tubes can influence fertility in different ways, so the value of a test or procedure depends on the suspected problem.
Imaging, tubal patency testing, hysteroscopy or laparoscopy may answer different clinical questions, and not every patient needs every investigation or procedure. The discussion helps readers understand which details may matter before speaking with a fertility specialist and why decisions should consider the complete fertility picture rather than one symptom, test result or general recommendation. If this reflects your situation, request a callback to discuss the evaluation or next step that may fit your fertility goals.
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Which Test is More Accurate: SSG or HSG?
Neither test is universally more accurate for every clinical question.
HSG provides useful information about tubal patency and tubal architecture. Sonographic techniques can also assess patency, particularly when ultrasound contrast is used, but accuracy can depend on technique and operator experience.
Your fertility specialist chooses the investigation based on what needs to be assessed.
How much does sonosalpingography cost?
The sonosalpingography cost varies between patients and fertility centres, so one fixed amount cannot accurately represent the SSG test price in India.
Factors that may influence the overall expense include:
- City and fertility centre
- Specialist consultation
- Type of ultrasound technique used
- Whether additional ultrasound contrast is required
- Preliminary fertility investigations
- Medicines recommended around the procedure
- Additional tests performed during the fertility assessment
Some centres may include the investigation as part of a broader infertility evaluation, while others bill it separately.
Patients searching how much does sonosalpingography cost should therefore ask what the quoted amount includes rather than comparing price alone.
At Motherhood Fertility & IVF, the relevant investigation and associated expenses can be discussed after reviewing the individual’s fertility evaluation.
What are the Risks & Side Effects associated with SSG Test?
SSG test procedures are generally well tolerated, but temporary discomfort can occur.
Common effects include:
- Mild lower abdominal cramping
- Temporary pelvic discomfort
- Watery vaginal discharge
- Light spotting
- Anxiety related discomfort during the examination
Cramping often occurs while fluid is being introduced into the uterine cavity and usually settles after the test.
Complications are uncommon, but pelvic infection is a recognised risk. The test should generally be avoided when pregnancy or active pelvic infection is suspected.
If an ultrasound contrast medium is used rather than saline alone, the fertility team can discuss any additional precautions or uncommon reactions associated with that specific product.
Severe pain, fever, heavy bleeding or persistent abnormal discharge after the procedure should be reported promptly.
An SSG remains an outpatient investigation in most cases, and routine activities can usually resume soon afterwards.
Frequently Asked Questions
When in the Menstrual Cycle is an SSG Test Performed?
The investigation is usually scheduled after menstrual bleeding has finished and before expected ovulation.
This reduces the chance of performing the procedure during an early pregnancy and helps provide a clearer view of the uterine cavity.
Women with irregular cycles should receive individual timing instructions rather than selecting a date without medical guidance.
How Long Does an SSG Test Take?
The ultrasound and fluid infusion portion of the examination is generally relatively short, although the complete appointment also includes preparation and initial scanning.
Many examinations can be completed within a standard outpatient visit.
You can usually leave soon afterwards once the procedure is complete and you feel comfortable.
Can I Get Pregnant in the Same Cycle After an SSG Test?
An SSG test for pregnancy does not mean that SSG detects pregnancy. It is a fertility investigation and should not be performed when pregnancy may already be present.
Whether you can continue trying to conceive later in the same cycle depends on your findings, procedure details and your fertility specialist’s advice.
Is SSG Better Than HSG?
Not necessarily.
SSG avoids X ray radiation and can provide useful information about the uterine cavity and tubal patency when the appropriate technique is used.
HSG may provide additional detail about the fallopian tubes in some circumstances.
The better investigation is the one that answers the relevant clinical question for that patient.
What is the Success Rate of Conception After an SSG Test?
SSG is primarily diagnostic, so it does not have a pregnancy success rate like a fertility treatment.
Although fluid passage through the reproductive tract has sometimes been discussed in relation to temporary improvement in tubal flow, patients should not undergo the test expecting it to increase pregnancy chances.
Conception depends on the complete fertility picture.
Conclusion
A sonosalpingography test can provide important information during female fertility evaluation by helping doctors assess the uterine cavity and, with the appropriate technique, fallopian tube patency.
Its ultrasound-based approach avoids ionising radiation, and the procedure can usually be completed in an outpatient setting with only temporary discomfort.
The investigation is particularly useful when a fertility specialist needs to explore a possible blocked fallopian tube diagnosis, structural uterine abnormalities or other factors that may influence conception.
However, SSG is only one part of a complete fertility assessment. It does not diagnose every cause of infertility and does not itself guarantee or improve pregnancy.
At Motherhood Fertility & IVF, specialists can review your reproductive history and determine whether SSG, HSG or another investigation is appropriate.
For fertility guidance, call 080 6723 8900 or book an appointment with Motherhood Fertility & IVF.